What should be monitored in patients taking lithium for bipolar disorder?

Monitoring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in patients taking lithium for bipolar disorder is essential due to the medication's potential impact on thyroid function. Lithium can lead to hypothyroidism in some patients, which may manifest as symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and depression, mimicking aspects of the underlying bipolar disorder. Regularly checking TSH levels allows healthcare providers to identify any thyroid dysfunction early and manage it appropriately, ensuring optimal treatment for bipolar disorder while minimizing side effects.

In the context of lithium treatment, it is important to note that while blood glucose levels, electrolyte levels, and liver function tests are significant considerations for patients on various medications, they are not the primary focus for monitoring in patients taking lithium. Lithium primarily affects thyroid function and renal handling of electrolytes, but the direct need for TSH monitoring is highlighted due to its common side effect.