What is the treatment for subungual hematoma?

The treatment for a subungual hematoma primarily involves making a hole and draining the accumulated blood underneath the nail. This procedure alleviates pressure caused by the trapped blood, which can lead to severe pain and potential complications if left untreated. By creating an opening, typically with a heated instrument or a small drill, healthcare providers can effectively release the pressure and promote healing of the nail bed. This is usually done in the first few days following the injury to achieve the best outcomes.

The other options presented do not address the underlying issue of pressure from the hematoma. Topical retinoids are used for skin conditions, not for managing hematomas. Oral antibiotics would only be indicated if there were signs of infection, which is not a standard treatment for a hemotoma itself. While cold compresses may provide temporary relief and reduce swelling, they do not treat the hematoma and do not relieve the pressure that requires drainage. Therefore, draining the blood remains the most effective and appropriate intervention for a subungual hematoma.