What is the first-line treatment for osteoporosis?

The first-line treatment for osteoporosis is bisphosphonates. These medications work by inhibiting bone resorption, which helps to maintain or increase bone density. This mechanism is vital for managing osteoporosis, as it directly addresses the imbalance between bone formation and resorption that characterizes the condition. Bisphosphonates such as alendronate, risedronate, and zoledronic acid have been shown in numerous studies to significantly reduce the risk of fractures in patients with osteoporosis, making them the most effective choice for initial management.

While estrogen replacement therapy can be beneficial, particularly in postmenopausal women, it is not considered a first-line treatment for all patients due to potential side effects and other associated risks. Calcium supplements are important for overall bone health but do not sufficiently prevent or treat osteoporosis on their own. Weight-bearing exercises are an excellent addition to any osteoporosis management plan, as they help strengthen bones and muscles, but they are not a standalone treatment. For these reasons, bisphosphonates are the preferred initial therapy in the treatment of osteoporosis.