What does nystagmus refer to?

Nystagmus refers to involuntary eye movements that can manifest as a range of types, including horizontal, vertical, or rotary movements. This condition often occurs as a result of neurological conditions, vestibular dysfunction, or as a side effect of certain medications. The key characteristic of nystagmus is that these movements happen without the person's control, which distinguishes them from voluntary eye movements.

Understanding the nature of nystagmus is crucial for clinical practice, particularly in assessing patients presenting with balance issues, dizziness, or concerns related to vision. It can provide significant insight into underlying health issues such as vestibular disorders, neurological conditions, or other systemic conditions affecting coordination and movement.

The other options encompass different ophthalmological and neurologic conditions but do not accurately define nystagmus. Loss of peripheral vision pertains to visual field deficits, increased pressure in the eye relates to glaucoma, and flashing lights in vision often describe visual disturbances such as those seen in migraines or retinal issues. None of these options align with the definition of nystagmus, which specifically involves movement rather than a static vision issue.